- Rabies
- Radiation Mutagenesis
- Radiation-Resistant Bacteria
- Radioisotopes and Their Uses in Microbiology and Immunology
- Rare Genotype Advantage
- Recombinant DNA Molecules
- Recombination
- Red Tide
- Reproductive Immunology
- Respiration
- Restriction Enzymes
- Retroposons and Transposable Elements
- Retroviruses
- RH and RH Incompatibility
- Rhodophyta
- Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
- Ribosomes
- Rickettsia and Rickettsial Pox
- RNA Tumor Viruses
- Rous, Peyton (1879-1970)
- Roux, Pierre-Paul-Émile (1853-1933)
- Ruska, Ernst (1906-1988)
